The theory of BCS, etc. theory to justify the superconductivity is that in 1957, emerged. This theory, due to the letter of the original name, physicist, originator of it. John , Robert and Leon Cooper was named in the 1972 Nobel Prize for Physics, also for it to bring.

In The Theory of BCS, two electrons with spin opposite to. that has are negative (contrary to expectations) to attract each other, and not the pairs of Cooper, make up, cause the force of gravity, the interaction of phonons-electrons. For the formation of the pairs of Cooper, low temperature specific need is, and at temperatures below this, the pairs that the statistics of Bose-Einstein follow can condensation the Bose-Einstein form.