Human metapnomovirus (HMPV or hMPV) is a single-stranded, negative-side Arran virus of the family pneumoviridae, close to the subgroup of avian metapnomovirus (AMPV).

was first isolated in the Netherlands in 2001 using the random reproduction method of polymorphism (arbitrary arbitrary PCR), a technique for identifying unknown viruses growing in the culture medium. As of 2016, the virus was the second most common cause (after respiratory sensational virus (RSV)) of acute respiratory tract disease in healthy children under 5 years of age in an outpatient ward in the United States.